Tetrameric c-di-GMP Mediates Effective Transcription Factor Dimerization to Control Streptomyces Development

Tetrameric c-di-GMP Mediates Effective Transcription Factor Dimerization to Control Streptomyces Development

The cyclic dinucleotide c-di-GMP is a signaling molecule with diverse functions in cellular physiology. Here, we report that c-di-GMP can assemble into a tetramer that mediates the effective dimerization of a transcription factor, BldD, which controls the progression of multicellular differentiation in sporulating actinomycete bacteria. BldD represses expression of sporulation genes during vege...

The Streptomyces master regulator BldD binds c-di-GMP sequentially to create a functional BldD2-(c-di-GMP)4 complex

Streptomyces are ubiquitous soil bacteria that undergo a complex developmental transition coinciding with their production of antibiotics. This transition is controlled by binding of a novel tetrameric form of the second messenger, 3΄-5΄ cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) to the master repressor, BldD. In all domains of life, nucleotide-based second messengers allow a rapid integration of extern...

The characterization of a cyclic-di-GMP (c-Di-GMP) pathway leads to a new tool for studying c-Di-GMP metabolic genes.

Second messengers play an integral role in regulating a wide variety of pathways in response to triggers from the extracellular milieu. The intracellular second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) has been shown to regulate microbial adaptation to extracellular environments in myriad ways. Primarily studied in Gram-negative bacteria thus far, c-di-GMP regulates motility, biofilm formation, ...

Bacterial c-di-GMP Is an Immunostimulatory

C - di - GMP distribution during biofilm development 1 Real time , spatial and temporal mapping of the distribution of c - di - GMP during biofilm development